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FF Safety: Out-of-Bounds at Tunnel Creek

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Social Factors and Risk Assessment

Tunnel Creek Avalanche

This past February 19th, 16 highly experienced skiers and snowboarders, making up an impromptu group, attempted an out-of-bounds run near Stevens Pass, Washington.

These expert skiers had read the avalanche forecast and were thoroughly familiar with the dangers posed after a 32-inch snowfall, yet they went ahead.

The ensuing avalanche killed three.

The New York Times has created a stunning visual presentation of the event that is a must see.  When you do, substitute “collapse”, “flash-over” and “interior firefighting” for “avalanche” and ”skiing”.  Ask yourself if you would make the same risk assessment.  Ask yourself if you would behave differently.

Several skiers survived, one because of the deployment of personal protective equipment.  Their experiences are crucial because they spotted and heeded the signs ahead.

Warning:  Don’t click on the link unless you are prepared to be pulled into a gripping vortex of words, sights and sounds.  We can all learn from their experience.

The link:

http://www.nytimes.com/projects/2012/snow-fall/#/?part=tunnel-creek

 

(Credits:  NYT and Alan Ross)

The Deutsche Bank Fire and J’accuse? Not So Fast.

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Yesterday’s blog post at IAFF online by Rich Duffy trumpets a “must read” article in a “prestigious, professional online magazine” by author John Steadman concerning the fatal fire at the former Deutsche Bank building which was under demolition at the time of the incident.

First, employing “J’accuse”, a reference to the 19th century Dreyfuss affair in France is at least odd.  Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a low-level artillery officer, was wrongly convicted of treason on trumped up charges.  He was not a commander or senior officer in the French military establishment and using him as a surrogate in the Deutsche Bank affair is singularly inapt.  Dreyfus was not only completely innocent, he was framed.

Mr. Steadman’s breathless prose has much chaff but it also has its share of wheat.  He correctly points out the infuriating bureaucratic bumbling in various city agencies (including FDNY) which set the stage for the fire.  He also documents that FDNY staff had much of the information they needed to protect fire companies but it never made its way to the troops.

But both Mr. Duffy and Mr. Steadman can be excused for missing a central point  because neither are firefighters:  serious fires typically occur in buildings with serious problems.  How many times have firefighters ridden past a structure only to comment to each other, “That’s going to be a bear when it goes up.”  Such a statement, uttered daily by firefighters belies the truth that we usually know which buildings in our districts are likely to pose the biggest danger.  Was Deutsche Bank a magic exception for company officers, battalion and district commanders?  Maybe, but probably not.  In fact, falling debris from the Deutsche Bank had previously damaged Engine/Ladder 10 in a not so subtle reminder of the danger lurking close by.

It’s not simplistic to say that on a fundamental level firefighting is a deadly “game”.  Watch those training films, drill non-stop, and practice key plays, but on game day, surprises may await you.  Senior firefighters, company officers and their commanders witness but often fail to internalize that it seldom goes the way we think it should.

The Deutsche Bank fire ground was mayhem:

-  Firefighters were committed to extremely exposed and dangerous positions in an abandoned building under active demolition.

-  It took over 80 minutes to obtain a reliable water supply.

-  Desperate calls for help went unheard and unanswered.

-  Fire crews split up losing accountability and control.

Company officers and commanders allowed these events to unfold and any writing about the fire that fails to state these facts is neither a “must read” nor “professional.”

The Steadman article references “stop work” orders issued in at least one case by inspectors after a torch incident.  Another stop-work order should have been issued by the incident commander the day of the fire as the losing proposition became glaringly apparent.

Finally, revisionist writing touted as safety literature is both confusing and potentially deadly.

 

A Word is Born

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Dude, you are so Schettinoed.

Ask any “hoodyed-up” , skateboarding twenty-something all the way up to a 95-year-old triathlete who is the last person off a ship and they will universally exclaim, “Why, the captain, of course!”

Apparently not so, in what now passes for the Italian Navy.  Last week as the Costa Concordia cruise ship listed to starboard after striking what the New York Times referred to as  a “rocklike object” [Just what is a rocklike object, anyway?] the captain, one Francesco Schettino, found himself firmly ensconced in a lifeboat while as many as 300 passengers were still on board the crippled ship, scrambling to safety.

It is stories such as this that give rise to the decades old and derisive joke about the title of the shortest book ever written.  Answer: The book of Italian War Heroes.  Ouch.

The only bright spot to emerge thus far is the recorded voice of a Captain De Falco of the Coast Guard telling the ship’s captain, in no uncertain terms, to shinny his Schettino back up the rope ladder hanging from the bow and to take command of the evacuation, to which he whined about the list of the ship and the fact that it was dark outside.  Stern stuff, indeed.

As if from the plot of a Joseph Conrad novel, the ship never sank.  It came to rest with virtually all of the upper deck well above the waterline, thus making Schettino’s early departure all the more ignominious.

This morning’s press accounts reveal the real reason the captain was in a lifeboat instead of on board and in command: he tripped and fell into a lifeboat. Right.

What a Schettino-head.

 

Photo credit:  AP/NYT

 

Willy-Nilly? Two FDNY Members Burned.

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Willy-Nilly: in a haphazard or spontaneous manner.

A Monday morning fire at 1100 Prospect Place in Crown Heights,  Brooklyn, resulted in serious injuries to members of Rescue Company-2 as they apparently conducted a search on the top floor of the dwelling.

According to the New York Times, a family with four children lives in the brownstone and R-2 was on the four-bedroom, top floor when the fire rapidly spread.  Video from the scene captures fire exploding from the top floor bay window as a firefighter emerges onto an aerial ladder positioned below.

Steve Cassidy, President of the Uniformed Firefighters Association, was quoted in the Times  as saying that, “When you take one firefighter away from the team, it takes longer, … there was at least a one-minute delay today in getting water to the fire, and if they had been there with a fully staffed engine, the fire never would have gotten out of the back room.”

First-in Engine 234 is apparently one of the companies to lose a firefighter as part of FDNY cutbacks.  Chief of Department Edward Kilduff denied Cassidy’s assertions stating, “It was a very short stretch across the street, and the line was in position in a sufficient, adequate amount of time.”

City residents must shake their heads at two fire professionals taking such diametrically opposing views about such an obvious point.   Does having one less person available result in increased time required to suppress a fire?

The answer is, yes, up to a point, if the firefighters are trained, which in FDNY, they certainly are.  This is especially true if the company is the first arriving engine and therefore responsible for putting the first water on the fire.

There can be little professional doubt that E-234 was less effective in the one scenario where it counts the most: first arriving engine, uncontrolled fire, people in exposed positions.

It would turn out that those exposed persons were FDNY members who are presumably well aware of the lost efficiencies when an engine crew is down a member.  They also knew of the thin ice on which they were about to skate as they were apparently operating ahead of the first line.

While Cassidy is obviously right, FDNY members continue to place themselves in extremely exposed positions where any environmental hiccup (unexpected ventilation, flash-over) or operational glitch (understaffed or late arriving company) can spell disaster.  The question is, when will Cassidy’s own members hear the message he so clearly espouses?

FDNY’s brave victories are at once heroic and pyrrhic, performed amidst an adoring public, largely ignorant to the irony of it all.

 

Sources:  NYT, FFN, Statter911, NYP, Daily News